TÌM HIỂU VỀ CÁC APPELLATION VÙNG LOIRE VALLEY

Tìm hiểu về các Appellation của Loire Valley:

Được chia thành các tiểu vùng:

1.Pays Nantais

2.Anjou

3.Saumur

4.Tourraine

5.Centre- loire

1.PAYS NANTAIS bao gồm các Appellation sau đây:

Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire : Vang trắng nho Melon de Bourgogne
Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu:  Vang trắng nho Melon de Bourgogne
Muscadet Sevre et Maine: Vang trắng nho Melon de Bourgogne
Coteaux d’Ancenis: Vang đỏ và hồng nho Gamay,Cabernet Franc,

                                      Vang trắng  Pinot Gris
Muscadet: Vang trắng nho Melon de Bourgogne

Gros Plant du Pays Nantais: Vang trắng từ nho Folle Blanche

Fiefs Vendéens: Sản xuất vang trắng từ nho Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Grolleau Gris, Sauvignon Blanc

Vang đỏ và hồng từ nho Gamay, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc, Négrette

2.ANJOU bao gồm các Appellation sau đây:

Anjou :Vang đỏ Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis, Gamay

             Vang trắng: Chenin Blanc (80% minimum), Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay

 Coteaux de l’Aubance, Anjou Coteaux de la Loire, Coteaux de Saumur

Vang ngọt Chenin Blanc ( Pineau de la Loire)

Anjou Villages: bao gồm Appellations Anjou-Villages, Anjou-Villages Brissac

Sản xuất vang đỏ từ nho Cabernet Franc và Cabernet Sauvignon

Bonnezeaux bao gồm: Appellations Bonnezeaux, Quarts de Chaume

Sản xuất vang ngọt từ nho Chenin Blanc (Pineau de la Loire)

Appellations Coteaux du Layon, Coteaux du Layon “Villages”

Sản xuất vang ngọt từ nho: Chenin Blanc (Pineau de La Loire)

Coteaux du Loir: Vang hồng Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d`Aunis

Savennières Có hai Appellation La Roche-aux-Moines and La Coulée-de-Serrant chỉ sản xuất dry white wine lam từ nho Chenin Blanc

 

3. SAUMUR bao gồm các Appellation sau đây:

 Cabernet d’Anjou,  Vang đỏ từ Cabernet Franc

Cabernet de Saumur, Vang hồng từ nho Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon

 Rosé d’Anjou Vang hồng từ nho : Grolleau, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis, Gamay, Malbec

Saumur  Vang đỏ từ nho Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis

Vang trắng làm từ nho Chenin Blanc (minimum 80%), Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay 

Saumur-Champigny  Chỉ sản xuất vang đỏ từ nho Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis (very rare)

4.TOURRAINE bao gồm các Appellation sau đây:

Bourgueil  Và St Nicolas de Bourgueil

 Chủ yếu làvang đỏ, chỉ có khoảng 4% vang hồng Cabernet Franc, Với 10% Cabernet Sauvignon được phép trộn vào.

Chinon : Chủ yếu sản xuất vang đỏ từ nho Cabernet Franctrộn thêm max 10% Cabernet Sauvignon. 5% vang trắng(nho chenin Blanc) và vang hồng

Montlouis-sur-Loire : Sản xuất vang Sparkling, trắng và vang ngọt từ nho Chenin Blanc

Touraine

Vang trắng và Sparkling: Sauvignon Blanc (nearly 80%), Chenin Blanc, some Chardonnay

Vang đỏ và Rose làm từ nho Gamay (more than 60% of harvest), Cabernet Franc, Malbec (aka Côt), Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineaus d’Aunis, Pinot Noir

Touraine Amboise

Vnag đỏ Gamay, Cabernet Franc, Malbec. Vang trắng Chenin Blanc

Touraine Azay-le Rideau

Vang Rose với minimum 60% Grolleau, alone or blended with Gamay, Malbec, Cabernet Franc

Vang Trắng từ nho Chenin Blanc

Touraine Mesland

Vang trắng Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay

Vang đỏ và hồng Gamay, Cabernet Franc, Malbec

Touraine Noble Joué

Chỉ sản xuất Dry Rose với các loại nho Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier và Pinot gris

Vouvray

Chỉ sản xuất vang trắng và ngọt từ nho Chenin Blanc

5. CENTRE LOIRE bao gốm các Appellation sau đây:

Cheverny: Appellations Cheverny vang  trắng Sauvignon Blanc (60-85% of blend), Chardonnay, Menu Pineau (aka Arbois), Chenin Blanc

Vang đỏ: Red and Rosé: Pinot Noir, Gamay blended with minimum 15% Cabernet Franc or Côt (Malbec) 

Cour-Cheverny; Vang trắng nho Romorantin

Châteaumeillant, Bao gồm các xã  Châteaumeillant, Reigny, Saint Maur, Vesdun in Cher and Champillet, Feusilles, Nérot, and Urciers in Indre..

Sản suất vang đỏ nho Gamay, Pinot Noir

Vang hồng Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris 

Côte Roannaise Sản xuất vang đỏ và off dry Rose từ nho Gamay

Vang trắng: Sauvignon Blanc

Vang đỏ và hồng Pinot Noir, Gamay (80% maximum cho mỗi loại nho)

Côtes du Forez: Sản xuất vang hồng và đỏ từ nho Gamay

Côtes d’Auvergne: Vang đỏ Pinot Noir , Gamay

Vang trắng từ nho: Chardonnay

Menetou-Salon; Vang trắng: Sauvignon Blanc

Vang đỏ, Rose Nho Pinot Noir

Appellations Orléans/Orléans-Cleary: Sản xuất vang trắng từ nho Chardonnay (aka Auvernat Blanc), Pinot Gris

Vang đỏ và hồng làm từ nho Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir (aka Auvernat Noir), Cabernet Franc

Pouilly-Fumé: vang trắngàm từ nho Sauvignon Blanc

Pouilly-sur-Loire :vang trắng làm từ nho Chasselas

Quincy: Vang trắng làm từ nho Sauvignon Blanc

Vang đỏ Pinot Noir

Rosé: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir

Sancerre Vang Trắng Sauvignon Blanc

Vang đỏ và hồng nho Pinot Noir.

St Pourçain Vang trắng làm từ nho Tressalier (aka Sacy), Aligoté, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc

Vang đỏ từ nho Gamay và Pinot Noir

WINE QUIZ COLLECTION

Q.1

Which grape, made in its usual style, has the typical tasting note: "pronounced acidity and fizz, medium tannin, sweet strawberry, cherry, rhubarb and violet"? *

·          Lambrusco

·          Pinot Noir

·          Shiraz

·          Muscadet

Q.2

Which grape variety can make a wine that tastes like yellow apple, pineapple, butter, chalk and vanilla? *

·          Riesling

·          Cool climate unoaked Pinot Gris

·          New World oaked Chardonnay

·          New World oaked Viognier

Q.3

What are the dominant flavours of typical wines made from the Malbec grape? *

·          Fig, saline, preserved lemon, brazil nut and almond

·          Raspberry, redcurrant, dried green herbs, baking spices and lavender

·          Cassis, pencil lead and black tea

·          Plum, blueberry, vanilla, sweet tobacco and cocoa

Q.4

Which grape variety commonly produces wine with the characters of high acidity, aromatic lemon, peach, rose petal and floral geranium?*

·          Grenache rosé from Provence

·          Chardonnay from Chile

·          Gewürztraminer from Clare Valley, Australia

·          Torrontés planted at high altitude in Argentina

Q.5

What are the dominant flavours of wine made from the Montepulciano grape? *

·          Sour cherry, red plum, oregano, loganberry and tar

·          Strawberry, raspberry, violet, potting soil and banana

·          Tangerine, peach, mango, honeysuckle and rose

·          Blackcurrant, green pepper, black plum, blackberry and vanilla

Q.6

What grape variety generally makes a wine with the tasting note: "aromatic peach, lemon, grapefruit, melon and a wet gravel minerality"? *

·          Albariño

·          Pinotage

·          Gewürztraminer

·          Sémillon

Q.7

What are the dominant flavours of wine made from Pinotage? *

·          Black cherry, blackberry, fig, menthol and roasted meat

·          Perfume, fig, raisin, almond and toffee

·          Plum, blackcurrant, violet, graphite and cedar

·          Liquorice, blackberry, dried herbs and tar

Q.8

Which grape variety can create a wine with dominant flavours of strawberry, white spice, green pepper, crushed gravel and even chili pepper? *

·          Negroamaro

·          Cariñena

·          Cabernet Franc

·          Cabernet Sauvignon

Q.9

What are the dominant flavours of wine made from Sauvignon Blanc in Marlborough? *

·          Lemon, yellow apple, pear, honey and chamomile

·          Gooseberry, green melon, grapefruit, white peach and passion fruit

·          Lime, grapefruit, green apple, almond and daffofil

·          Dried strawberry, grilled plum, ruby red grapefruit, leather and liquorice

Q.10

Which grape variety can make a wine with the dominant flavours of cherry, clove, mushroom and forest floor? *

·          Aged red Burgundy (Pinot Noir)

·          Young red Burgundy Pinot Noir

·          Aged Mourvèdre

·          Aged Aglianico

                                                         FRENCH WINE QUIZZES

What are the main varieties of Bordeaux?

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot and Malbec

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What grape originates in the Loire Valley?

Sauvignon Blanc

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What grape originates in Alsace?

Riesling

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What grapes originate in Bordeaux?

Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon

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What grape originates in Rhone?

Syrah

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What grape originates in Burgundy?

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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How many different appellations are there in the region of Bordeaux?

57

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How many acres does the region of Bordeaux cover?

280,000

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How many vignerons (wine growers) are there in the region of Bordeaux?

12,000

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How many bottles of wine are produced each year in the region of Bordeaux?

850 million

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What does the phrase "Mise en bouteilles au Chateaux" refer to? How many vignerons of the Bordeaux region do this?

"Mise en bouteilles au Chateau" means to crush and bottle their own wines on site, 60% of the vignerons of the Bordeaux region do this.

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What are negociants? What are they responsible for?

Negociants are trading companies. They are responsible for marketing 75% of all Bordeaux around the world.

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What do the British traditionally call the fourteen dry red varieties of grapes grown in Bordeaux?

Claret

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What are the wines of serious connoisseurs?

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot, and Malbec

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What blending technique is a huge key to success in Bordeaux?

Blending different varietals

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Why does blending both red and white varietals of the Bordeaux region take such great skill?

One year is different to the next so the dominant characteristics of varietal change.

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How does the change in growing season affect the red and white varietals of the Bordeaux region?

Causing certain varietals to ripen early or late

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The gravelly soils of the Left Bank of the river in the Bordeaux region favor which varietal?

Cabernet Sauvignon

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What is the characteristic of the soils of the Right Bank of the river in the Bordeaux region? How does this effect the ratio of grapes reflecting this?

Clay soils; a higher ratio of the grapes along the Right Bank reflect this.

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What are the characteristics of the wines from the Right Bank of the river in the Bordeaux region?

Notes of vanilla and toast (as are in the wines of the Left Bank), in addition to dark fruits and minerals.

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What are the characteristics of the wines from the Left Bank of the river in the Bordeaux region?

Notes of vanilla and toast (as are in the wines of the Right Bank), in addition to cedar, cigar box, and tobacco.

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What are the 2 major styles of dry white Bordeaux wines?

Semillon and Sauvignon Blanc

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What are the characteristics of Semillon on the nose?

Beeswax

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How do Bordeaux dry white wines that have more Semillon compare to those that have more Sauvignon Blanc?

Wines with more Semillon are fuller in body compared to Sauvignon Blanc.

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In Bordeaux, how does Sauvignon Blanc compare to Semillon?

Sauvignon Blanc is a bit lighter and more aromatic, with higher acidity.

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In Bordeaux, how are both Semillon and Sauvignon Blanc fermented? How does this affect the wine's weight, nose and flavor? Do they age well?

Both are fermented and aged in new French oak; this gives the wine more weight, richness and flavors of toastiness, vanilla and spice. On the nose, more citrus character and mineral undertones. Yes, they age well.

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What do the many regions of Bordeaux reflect?

It's highly varied and specific terroir

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What is a clue to figuring out French wines?

Learn the area and the typical grapes that are grown in the various areas.

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Where was the system of classification that is used in Bordeaux created?

At the Paris Universal Exhibition in 1855.

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What is "Cru" used in the system of classification?

The French term for an officially classified superior wine or vineyard, AKA: growth.

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What is "Chateaux"?

French for "Castle"

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What is "Bourgeois"?

French for "In the style of Bordeaux"

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What are the First Growth, Left Bank Wines?

Château Lafite-Rothschild, Château Haut-Brion, Château Mouton-Rothschild, Château Margaux, and Château Latour

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What are the sub regions of Graves, Saint-Emillion and Sauternes-Barsac?

Premier Cru Classé, Grand Cru Classé A, Grand Cru Classé B, and Grand Cru Classé

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What are the grape varieties of Burgundy?

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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What is the birth place of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir?

Burgundy

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What do the French call the wines of Burgundy?

"Vin de Bourgogne"

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From where do the most classic expression of Pinot Noir come? Are they easy or difficult to manage?

The classic expression of Pinot Noir comes from Burgundy, but even there it is very hard to manage.

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What varietal is known as the "Heartbreak Grape"

Pinot Noir

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What is the signature note of a Red Burgundy?

"the Barnyard smell", which many people find pleasant

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Aside from the barnyard smell, what are the other components of a Red Burgundy?

Aromatic with red berries, minerals and some times meaty. Lighter in color and silky in body.

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Where is Chablis made? Is the region cool or warm, what are the only types of grapes grown in this region?

Chablis is made North of Burgundy, in a cool region where only white grapes are grown.

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What is the soil of where Chablis is made?

Is of the Kimmeridgian Chalk - similar to the White Cliffs of Dover

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Where is Alsace located? How does the location contribute to its wine?

Alsace is located Northeast of Burgundy, a narrow valley along the French-German border. A unique blend of both nations is shown in its wine and culture.

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What are the only 2 classifications of wine in Alsace?

Alsace AC and Alsace Grand Cru (First Growth)

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In what region is the Bas-Rhin and the Haut-Rhin found in the South?

Alsace

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A majority of what is found the Haut-Rhin?

The Haut-Rhin is where the majority of the grand cru vineyards are found.

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What is the soil and climate like in Alsace? How does this affect the wines of Alsace?

There are granite-shist soils with a continental climate that make wonderful wines.

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Since when has wine been produced in Burgundy?

Since at least the Roman conquest of Gaul

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Who began keeping records of varieties, vintages, and terrior that formed the basis of the science of viniculture?

The Cistercian monks

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Since the weather has huge extremes from year to year, what is very important? Why?

Vintage; one out of five years is incredible

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Burgundy is the same longitude as what US city?

Seattle; it has more extremes of weather from year to year

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What does Sunny, dry years in Burgundy produce?

Beautiful ripe fruit and excellent balance

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How do wetter years affect wine?

Wetter years create more delicate, mineraled, finesse-driven wines which do not age well but are great while young.

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For many centuries, who did all the vineyards of Burgundy belong to?

They were property of the church or nobility

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When did the vineyards of Burgundy fall into the hands of younger sons and smaller plots?

After Napoleonic Code outlawed primogeniture.

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How did the inheritance of Burgundy's vineyards affect the plots?

The vineyards were split further and now some people only own two rows of grapes.

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The fragmentation of Burgundy's vineyards created the need for what?

Negociants

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How does the number of appellations d'origine contrôlee (AOCs) of Burgundy compare to other French regions?

Burgundy has a higher number of appellations d'origine contrôlee (AOCs) than any other French region

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What are wines classified by vineyard owners called?

"Domaine"

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How does the classification of wine in Burgundy compare to the classification of wine in Bordeaux?

Bordeaux classifies individual producers; Burgundy wines are classified by vineyard owners.

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In the Burgundy classification of wine, 1861 by the Beaune Committee of Agriculture, what is "Grand Cru"?

Single-vineyard designation of the highest quality (2% of production)

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In the Burgundy classification of wine, 1861 by the Beaune Committee of Agriculture, what is "Premiere Cru"?

Single-vineyard designation of high quality (12% of production)

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In the Burgundy classification of wine, 1861 by the Beaune Committee of Agriculture, what is "Village"?

No single-vineyard designation (36% of production)

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In the Burgundy classification of wine, 1861 by the Beaune Committee of Agriculture, what is below "Village"? What does that mean?

The Bourgogne; meaning the grapes can come from anywhere in Burgundy.

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More than by varietal, French wines are labeled by what?

Region

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What is the "Modern or International style" of Burgundy Styles?

Concentrates more on bringing out the fruit aromas and might use new French oak.

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What is the "Traditional style" of Burgundy Styles?

A bit more oxidative in the winemaking and will use more old oak.

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Burgundian ____ often experience some malolactic fermentation.

Chardonnays

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What are the varietals of Alsace?

Riesling, Muscat, Pinot Gris, and Gewürztraminer

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What are the characteristic "blends" of Alsace?

Wines of Alsace are usually 100% of one grape variety without any blending.

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What are the big grapes of France?

Riesling (Alsace), Sauvignon Blanc (Loire Valley), Chardonnay (Burgundy), Pinot Noir (Burgundy), Syrah (Rhone), Merlot (Bordeaux), and Cabernet Sauvignon (Bordeaux)

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What is the longest river in France, at over 600 miles?

Loire River

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Who had their summer homes along the Loire River?

The French nobility

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The Loire River is considered "The ___ of French civilization".

"The Cradle of French civilization"

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What varietal is produced on the western side of the Loire River? What is the varietal also known as?

Muscadet (AKA: Melon de Bourgogne)

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What are the benefits of the terroir on the western side of the Loire River? How does this contribute to the wine from that region?

It benefits from the coastal climate. It makes a light-bodied, crisp, and clean wines with lemony - almost (brininess) salty notes from the Atlantic Ocean.

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What food is a natural pair with Muscadet?

Seafood

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What varietals are from regions further inland from Muscadet?

Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume

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What grape is Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume from?

Sauvignon Blanc

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What are the characteristics of Sancerre (appearance, nose, taste, acidity and body? What is the benchmark aroma?

Pale (greenish) color, lemon notes and gooseberries, mineral tones and fresh cut grass taste, crisp acid and bright in acid. Benchmark aroma is Cat's pee on a gooseberry bush.

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What is the taste characteristic of Pouilly-Fume?

Smokey minerality - like gun flint.

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How are many of the Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume wines aged, and how does this contribute to their taste?

Many of them see old oak and that cuts back on their herbaceousness.

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What is Vouvray?

Chenin Blanc

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What is the benchmark descriptor of Vouvray? How does it compare to Sauvignon Blanc?

Wet wool is the benchmark descriptor of Vouvray, it is less aromatic than Sauvignon Blanc.

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Why does some Vouvray from favorable vintages have immense aging potential with some examples drinking well into 100 years of age?

Because of Chenin Blanc (Vouvray's) naturally high acidity

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How does Chenin Blanc (Vouvray) compare to Sauvignon Blanc?

Chenin Blanc tends to be "weightier" than Sauvignon Blanc.

Q1. Which of Burgundy’s Grand Cru vineyards is the largest vineyard in the Côtes de Nuits?

Clos de Vougeot

remain sCCCignificant geological variations within.

Q2. Which of Burgundy’s Grand Cru vineyards can produce both red and white wines under AOC regulations?

Musigny produces 90% red wine, and is the only Grand Cru vineyard in the Côte de Nuits that can produce AOC white wine.

Q3. Under AOC regulations, how much white wine is allowed within a Burgundian red wine blend, and which white grapes are permitted?

Perhaps surprisingly, Burgundian reds may contain up to 15% in total of Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc or Pinot Gris, although blending is extremely rare among Grand Cru

Q4. What is the name of the mountainous region that separates Chablis from the Côte d’Or?

The Morvan, which puts 62 miles between the two regions (although officially part of Burgundy, Chablis is actually region

egion).

Q5. What is the maximum production for a Grand Cru Chablis vineyard?

A: 54 hectoliters per hectare.

.

Q6. Name the seven Grand Cru vineyards of Chablis, and point out the largest one.

A: Bougros, Les Preuses, Vaudésir, Grenouilles, Valmur, Les Clos and Blanchot. All seven are distinguished by their Kimmeridgian soils, and collectively account for about 3% of Chablis production. Les Clos, with 61 acres, is the largest

largest f the group.

Q7. Aside from Musigny, what Grand Cru vineyard shares space in the Chambolle-Musigny commune?

A: Bonnes Mares, which also crosses into the Morey-Saint-Denis commune. The wines from the Chambolle-Musigny portion of the vineyard tend to be more elegant than the wines from the Morey-Saint-Denis portion.portion.

Q8. What is the smallest de facto production of all Burgundy AOCs?

: Charlemagne, which produced only about 900 bottles of wine in 2008. Producers entitled to use the “Charlemagne” AOC can also use the “Corton-Charlemagne” AOC, and almost all producers choose the latter.

Q9: Which is Burgundy’s largest Grand Cru vineyard?

A: Corton, which sits atop a large hill that is shared by the communes of Ladoix-Serrigny, Pernand-Vergelesses and Aloxe-Corton. The vineyard features 95 hectares, or 234 acres, under vine. Because of its size, Corton is unique in Burgundy in terms of labeling, and a bottle of Corton will typically indicate the specific climat within the Corton AOC.

Q10: Name the nine Grand Cru vineyards of the Gevrey-Chambertin commune, and identify which one is also known as Mazoyères-Chambertin.

A: Chambertin-Clos de Bèz, Charmes-Chambertin (also known as Mazoyères-Chambertin), Chapelle-Chambertin, Griotte-Chambertin, Latricières-Chambertin, Le Chambertin, Mazis-Chambertin, and Ruchottes-Chambertin.

Q11: Aside from Chambertin itself, which of the other eight Grand Cru vineyards in the Gevrey-Chambertin commune are permitted to use the Chambertin AOC?

A: Only Chambertin-Clos de Bèze may be sold under the Chambertin AOC, although this is rarely practiced since Chambetin-Clos de Béze has a superior reputation.

reputation.

Q12: Of the the nine Grand Cru vineyards in the Gevrey-Chambertin commune, which one is located the closest to the town of Gevrey-Chambertin itself?

A: Mazis-Chambertin, sometimes seen as Mazy-Chambertin. Sorry, I know this question was particularly nasty.

Q13: Which two Grand Cru vineyards in the Gevrey-Chambertin commune have the greatest restrictions on production?

: Chambertin and Chambertin-Clos de Bèze are restricted to 35 hectoliters per hectare, while the other seven Grand Cru vineyards can produce 37 hectoliters per hectare. It is worth noting, however, that 35 hectoliters per hectare tends to be the more common AOC limit for red wine in Burgundy.

common AOC limit for red wine in Burgundy.

Q14: Name the five Grand Cru vineyards located in the Morey-Saint-Denis commune, and identify any monopoles. Which of the five was awarded Grand Cru status most recently?

A: Clos de Tart (the only monopole), Bonnes Mares, Clos de la Roche, Clos Saint-Denis, and Clos des Lambrays (awarded Grand Cru status in 1981).

status in 1981).

Q15: Name the six Grand Cru vineyards of Vosne-Romanée, and identify any monopoles. Which of the six has been most recently promoted to Grand Cru status?

: Romanée-Conti (monopole), La Romanée (monopole), La Tâche (monopole), Richebourg, Romanée-Saint-Vivant, and La Grande Rue (monopole, and Grand Cru since 1992, although status is retroactive to prior vintages).

Q16: What is the smallest AOC in France?

A: La Romanée, at 0.85 hectares or 2.1 acres. In 2008, an estimated 3,700 bottles were produced from this appellation, making these wines extremely scarce.

Q17: Within the communes of Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet, which Grand Cru vineyards are located within both villages?

A: Montrachet and Bâtard-Montrachet. The other two Grand Cru vineyards located in Puligny-Montrachet are Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet and Chevalier-Montrachet, while the third Grand Cru vineyard of Chassagne-Montrachet is Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet.

Q18: What is the typical maximum production for the wines of Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet?

A: 40 hectoliters per hectare, which offers slightly more production than the 35 hectoliters per hectare allowed for most of Burgundy’s red wine producers.

Q19: Among the nomenclature for French wine labels, what is the difference between “Montrachet” and “Le Montrachet”?

A: The former wines are produced in the Pugliny-Montrachet commune, while the latter wines are produced in the Chassagne-Montrachet commune.

Q20: Aside from Clos de Vougeut, which is Burgundy’s most “owned” vineyard?

A: Échezeaux was divided among 80 owners by the early 2000s, while Grands Échexeaux was divided among 25 different owners.

		Wine Quiz
1	What is the predominant white grape of the Northern Rhône?
	Chardonnay
	Sauvignon Blanc
	Viognier
	Marsanne
2	Which of the following is not one of the 9 permitted grape varieties of Alsace?
	Gewürztraminer
	Riesling				Variety Area 2008 (proportion)[15]
	Pinot Gris				Riesling 21.7%
	Verdelho				Gewürztraminer 18.6%
					Pinot gris 15.2%
3	Which French region produces Hermitage?				Auxerrois blanc[16] 14.2%
	Rhône				Pinot noir 9.6%
	Bordeaux				Sylvaner 8.9%
	Alsace				Pinot blanc[16] 7.0%
	Loire				Muscat varieties 2.3%
					Chasselas 0.6%
4	Which French wine region uses predominantly the Gamay grape variety?
	Bordeaux
	Loire
	Savoie
	Beaujolais
5	Which of these wines is not made in the St. Emilion appellation?
	Pétrus
	Cheval Blanc
	Larmande
	Trottevieille
6	Which of the following is the main grape variety grown in Germany?
	Semillon
	Riesling
	Chardonnay
	Sauvignon Blanc
7	Where is Armagnac made?
	North of Bordeaux
	South of Bordeaux
	East of Bordeaux
	West of Bordeaux
8	What or who is Viura?
	Type of yeast used in sherry
	A Romanian wine producer
	Type of wine from Piedmont
	A grape grown in Rioja
9	What does a haze in a wine usually indicate?
	That the wine has spent too long in oak
	That the wine has been exposed to heat
	That the wine has been badly filtered
	That the glass needs cleaning
10	Calvados is usually made from which fruit?
	Peaches
	Apricots
	Apples
	Bananas
11	What is a three litre wine bottle called?
	Magnum
	Imperial
	Double Magnum
	Methuselah
12	Which grape is the main component of Chianti?
	Nebbiolo
	Sangiovese
	Moscato
	Merlot
13	Which grape is blended with Sangiovese to produce Rosso Conero?
	Merlot			The red wine DOC zones of the Marches are Rosso Conero and Rosso Piceno and based chiefly on the Sangiovese andMontepulciano d' Abruzzo grapes, sometimes blended, sometimes not. The most important in terms of wine volume is Rosso Piceno, dominated by Sangiovese.
	Cabernet Sauvignon
	Zinfandel			Rosso Conero, dominated by Montepulciano d' Abruzzo, has gained even more praise, thanks to the devotion to quality shown by  leading producers like Fattoria La Terraze. The zone covers the area on the slopes of the Conero massif south of Ancona.
	Montepulciano
				Both Rosso Conero and Rosso Piceno were habitually made to drink within two to four years, when they are persuasively round and fresh in flavour, though certain producers have made wines that age remarkably well from good vintages, sometimes for a decade or more.
14	Which country produces Sherry?
	Portugal
	Spain
	South Africa
	England
15	Pinotage was created in 1925 by crossing Pinot Noir and which other grape?
	Merlot
	Chenin Blanc
	Cinsault
	Cabernet Franc
16	What does the term `length` normally refer to?
	How long flavour remains in the mouth
	Level of liquid in a wine bottle
	Fullness of fruit in a wine
	Deepness of color
17	What does the term Super Tuscan mean?
	High alcohol Tuscan wine
	'Unofficial' high quality Tuscan wine
	Wine made in the centre of Tuscany
	High quality wine from Umbria
18	Where is the Côte D`Or?
	Southern France
	Bordeaux
	Burgundy
	Italy
19	What colour wine does the Mencia grape make?
	Red
	Rosé
	White
	Grey
20	What is a Tastevin?
	A Burgundian monk
	A French appellation
	Another name for a ship window
	A Tasting vessel
21	Late Bottled Vintage is a term that applies to which wine?
	Champagne
	Sherry
	Port
	Red Bordeaux
22	What did Bergerac wines used to be traded as?
	Loire
	Bordeaux
	Burgundy
	Red Bordeaux
23	What is do the initials MW indicate in the wine trade?
	Magnificent Wine
	Medium weight Wine
	Master of Wine
	Jancis Robinson
24	Which of the following grapes are not grown in the Loire region?
	Chenin Blanc
	Nebbiolo
	Gamay
	Muscadet
25	Marsanne and Rousanne are blended to create white wines from which French region?
	Rhone
	Loire
	Alsace
	Chablis
26	Which is the following is not a region of Italy?
	Piedmont
	Veneto
	San Juan
	Umbria
27	Which of the following range of sherries is the sweetest style?
	Manzanilla
	Cream
	Amontillado
	Fino
28	The main grape behind Barolo and Barbaresco is?
	Cabernet Sauvignon
	Pinot Gris
	Tempranillo
	Nebbiolo
29	What characterises a biodynamic vineyard?
	Very little artificial intervention
	Super fit grape pickers
	Genetically modified vines
	No mechanical equipment
30	Where is the Mosel wine growing region?
	France
	Austria
	Germany
	Spain
31	Which of the following is a white grape variety?
	Grüner Veltliner
	Gamay
	Syrah
	Carignan
32	Where is the wine growing region Stellenbosch?
	Australia
	New Zealand
	South Africa
	Germany
33	Tokay Pinot Gris is a sweet white wine from Hungary?
	TRUE
	FALSE
34	Which type of port cannot have the year of the vintage on the label?
	Late Bottled
	Tawny
	Colheita
	Vintage
35	What is the proportion of Semillon and Sauvignon Blanc in Chateaux D`Yquem?
	20%-80%
	30%-70%
	80%-20%
	50%-50%
36	In which country would you find the Terra Rossa soils?
	France
	Italy
	Argentina
	Australia
37	Which is the main grape used in the production of Sauternes?
	Sauvignon Blanc
	Chardonnay
	Riesling
	Sémillon
38	What is crème de cassis made from?
	Apples
	Pears
	Blackcurrants
	Strawberries
39	What is Touriga National?
	Wine producer from Argentina
	Grape variety used in Port
	A French fortified wine
	Italian vinification method
40	What is Sagrantino?
	An Italian grape variety
	A Spanish wine producer
	An Argentinean appellation
	A type of Sherry
41	What is the most commonly grown grape in the Pays Nantais, Loire?
	Melon de Bourgogne
	Sauvignon Blanc
	Chardonnay
	Pinot Gris
42	What do we call purchasing wines before bottling?
	En Primeur
	En Promotion
	En Lemonade
	A type of corkscrew
43	What is the predominant grape variety used to produce Banyuls?
	Grenache
	Mouvedre
	Rousanne
	Viognier
44	Which South American country escaped the phylloxera disease?
	Chile
	Ecuador
	Argentina
	Brazil
45	In Germany which of the following classifications produces the sweetest style of wine ?
	Trockenbeerenauslese
	Kabinett
	Auslese
	Spätlese
46	What kind of maceration technique is widely used in the Beaujolais region of France?
	Plutonic
	Carbonic
	Teutonic
	Mnemonic
47	The Zinfandel grape from California is called what in Italy?
	Primitivo
	Chianti
	Syrah
	Frascati
48	In the Argentinean region of Mendoza which is the most important red grape variety?
	Malbec
	Syrah
	Pinot Noir
	Merlot
49	The first vintage of Sassicaia was released in which year?
	1958
	1968
	1978
	1988
50	Which of the following Tokaji is the sweetest?
	1st growth Aszu 6 puttonyos
	2nd growth Aszu 6 puttonyos
	Aszu 5 puttonyos
	Aszu Essencia
51	What is the most important black grape grown in the Loire?
	Chardonnay
	Cabernet Sauvignon
	Cabernet Franc
	Sauvignon Blanc
52	Which of the following was the best vintage for Chablis?
	1980
	1991
	1994
	1996	The second in a duo of great years for Chablis and a year that has produced astonishingly well-balanced and beautifully crafted wines. Cold weather at the end of May caused coulure and millerandage, which had the effect of reducing the crop but increasing the overall quality. Summer was hot and warm and the weather held out until the end of September. The key to this vintage is that the acidity levels remained intact (largely due to the cooling northerly winds that blew throughout September, while the sugar levels continued to rise. Consequently the wines display good levels of concentrated ripe fruit and are incredibly racy and stylish. The best wines possess considerable ageing potential and will last for another 10-15 years.
53	Pouilly Fumé is a delicious dry white wine from which region ?
	Loire
	Alsace
	Chablis
	Provence
54	Which grape variety is the primary ingredient of Sherry?
	Chardonnay
	Palomino Fino
	Chenin Blanc
	Pinot Blanc
55	Which of the following regions is not in North America?
	Yarra Valley
	Napa Valley
	Paso Robles
	Russian River Valley
56	Where is the Rueda wine growing region?
	Spain
	Germany
	New Zealand
	Haiti
57	What is the predominant soil type found in Chablis?
	Limestone.
	Loam
	Sand
	Gravel
58	Which wine is renowned for being a good partner with Stilton?
	Chablis
	Pinot Grigio
	Australian Shiraz
	Port
59	Estufagem is the vital process in the production of which fortified wine?
	Sherry
	Madeira
	Port
	Marsala
60	Which region of Argentina produces 75% of the country`s total wine output?
	Maipo
	Mendoza
	Lujan
	Buenos Aires
61	Which is the sole grape in blanc de blanc champagne?
	Riesling
	Chenin Blanc
	Semillon
	Chardonnay
62	Why are Pinot Noir wines usually lighter in colour, body and tannins?
	Because of the thinness of the skins
	Because of the type of soil they grow in
	Because of the size of the grapes
	Because of the viticulture methods
63	The Alsace region in northern France is famous for which grape variety?
	Sauvignon Blanc
	Chablis
	Gewürztraminer
	Cabernet Franc
64	Menetou Salon is a village in which French wine region?
	Loire
	Bergerac
	The Rhone Valley
	Burgundy
65	What is a normal alcohol percentage for sherry?
	5-7%
	8-14%
	15-20%
	21% or more
66	How many named village Crus are there in Beaujolais?
	50
	25
	10
	5
67	Which area of Chile is home to Errazuriz?
	Aconcagua Valley.
	Rapel Valley
	Central Valley
	Casablanca Valley
68	Chaptalisation involves the addition of what to grape juice prior to fermentation?
	oak chips
	cornflour
	Granular sugar or grape juice concentrate
	egg whites
69	Which is the odd one out here?
	Julienas
	Chenas
	Morgon
	Chinon
70	In the Hungarian Tokaji region what does the term Aszu refer to?
	The dried nobly-rotted grapes				Furmint is the dominant grape in Tokaji, and Aszú in the n ame refers simply to the dried, nobly-rotted grapes, which are hand-picked from the vines. The number of puttonyos is an indication of sweetness, with tw o the driest and six the sweetest. A wine of 7 puttonyos is known as Aszú Es sencia and is only produced in the very best years. Aszú Essencia is incred ibly sweet and is one of the greatest dessert wines in the world.
	The type of soil
	A climatic term
	The vinification technique
71	What is the fruit combination most commonly associated with the taste of Pinot Noir?
	Cherries and citrus fruits
	Gooseberries and grass
	Raspberries and redcurrants
	Peaches and pears
72	What is Aglianico?
	A Greek wine
	The conservative party at prayer
	A grape variety
	Viognier
73	What is the predominant white grape of the Northern Rhône?
	Chardonnay
	Sauvignon Blanc
	Viognier
	Marsanne
74	What is the minimum period of lees ageing required for vintage Champagne?
	3 years
	4 years
	5 years
	12 years
75	Which year was a perfect 10 for Champagne?
	1980
	1987
	1996
	1990	A superb year and one of the top half-dozen vintages of the last century. Some frost damage occurred in April but the vintage was made by the long, hot and dry summer. The crop was large (the 3rd largest on record) and the resultant wines had excellent alcohol and acidity levels. 1990 produced the ripest wines since 1959 and the best quality since 1964. The champagnes display good body and marvellous depth of fruit as well as great finesse and very good longevity. The best will be drinking well for many years to come.
76	Which French wine region is also known as the Midi?
	Languedoc-Roussillon
	Bordeaux
	Burgundy
	Beaujolais
77	What is Albariño?
	A method of harvesting grapes at night
	A small wooden barrel from Spain
	A portuguese wine brand
	A spanish grape variety
78	In which US state is the Willamette Valley?
	Washington
	Oregon
	New York
	California
79	What is Maceration?
	Fertiliser
	Grape variety
	Method used for color extraction
	Practice of midnight harvesting
80	Which grape is the most planted in Bordeaux?
	Cabernet Sauvignon
	Merlot
	Sémillon
	Riesling
81	Where is the noble grape variety Tannat grown?
	South-West France
	Italy
	Chile
	Spain
82	Which grape is planted extensively in the Italian regions of Piedmont and southwest Lombardy ?
	Ugni Blanc
	Trebbiano
	Barbera
	Malvasia
83	The key grape variety in Châteauneuf du Pape is…?
	Malbec
	Grenache
	Merlot
	Chasselas
84	Weisseburgunder is the German name for which type of grape?
	Chardonnay
	Cabernet Sauvignon
	Pinot Blanc
	Reisling
85	What do Corked wines smell like?
	Apples and Lemon
	Butter and Vanilla
	Mouldy and Stale
	Madeira
86	Should you always expect to see a label on vintage port?
	Not always
	Always
	Never
	Madeira
87	Which country produces Beaumes de Venise?
	France	Apart from the sparkling wines of Clairette de Die this is the only part of the Rhône which uses Muscat, and yet it provides the most elegant, sweet fortified Muscats in the world. Little sweet Muscat was made before 1945 when Muscat de Beaumes de Venise was classified an AOC for its vin doux naturel, but by the 1970s and 1980s its popularity in northern Europe was probably greater than Sauternes or sweet German wines. Despite its minimum 15% alcohol, low acidity and intense sweetness Muscat de Beaumes de Venise is surprisingly delicate and refreshing with a lovely floral fragrance and sweet, pale-gold, grapey fruit. Made exclusively from the best variety, Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, it is made by adding pure grape spirit to the must when it has reached 5% alcohol. It should be drunk as young as possible, lightly chilled, either as an aperitif, with or after dessert (where it makes a very good match for ice-cream). The region also has an AOC for its reds which are classified as Beaumes de Venise.
	Italy
	Canada
	Germany
88	Which river runs through the Rioja wine growing area?
	Guadalquivir
	Ebro.
	Rhine
	Douro
89	From which country is it believed that the white grape variety Chasselas originated from?
	Spain
	Greece
	New Zealand
	Switzerland	the main one being Fendant in the Valais canton. It is considered an ideal pairing for raclette or fondue. Chasselas is also known as Perlan in the Mandement district of Geneva. In 2009, it was Switzerland's second most grown grape variety at 4,013 hectares (9,920 acres
90	What is Beaujolais?
	French for 'a cheerful chap'
	A French wine growing region
	A party on the 3rd Thursday of November
	A six bottle wooden case
91	In Chablis how is a rich buttery effect achieved?
	The terroir
	Fermentation in old oak
	Fermentation in new oak.
	Fermentation in stainless steel
92	Which of the following aromas is Sauvignon Blanc associated with?
	Cat Pee
	Pork Scratching
	Geranium
	Tarmac
93	Penfolds Grange is made from?
	Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon, Terra Rossa, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon
94	In the Paso Robles region of California which red grape is the undisputed king?
	Merlot, Zinfandel. Pinot Noir, Pinotage,
95	What flavours are associated with ageing in French oak barrels?
	Molasses, Vanilla and butter. Spice and pepper, Pinotage		French oak gives vanilla and butter flavours whereas American oak gives more molasses and intense vanilla. The older the barrel the less intense the flavours it imparts.
96	Gavi di Gavi is made from which native Italian grape? Cortese Trebbiano Dolcetto Pinot Grigio
97	Which grape variety is a vital component in Valpolicella? Garganega Corvina Teroldego Malbec
98	Gerwürz means spice in German ? TRUE, FALSE
99	Viognier is a white grape variety originating in which area of France? Bordeaux Chablis Loire Northern Rhône
100	What does a negociant do? Negociates the best deals for growers ; Owns vines and blend/bottles/ships wines ; Sell wines to consumers ; Buys bottled wine for consumption
101	What is the dominant soil in Pomerol? Clay Granite Chalk Sand
102	Cabernet Sauvignon is a cross of which two grapes? Cinsault and Pinot Noir Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc Frascati and Syrah Ruby Cabernet and Cabernet Sauvignon
103	Which grape has had particular success in Australia`s Eden Valley?
	Merlot
	Sauvignon
	Riesling
	Tempranillo
104	What is Rum made from?
	Sugar
	Grain
	Grapes
	Hops
105	Which red wine grape is the most widely planted in California?
	Merlot
	Shiraz
	Zinfandel
	Cabernet Sauvignon.
106	What is the most famous Cabernet Franc wine in the world?
	Chateau Cheval Blanc
	Chateau Cheval Vert
	Chateau Cheval Jaune
	Chateau Cheval Bleu
107	Roughly how many calories are there in a glass of dry white wine?
	5
	30
	110
	400
108	In Burgundy which type of wine has the higher classification?
	Premier Cru
	Grand Cru
109	What is Coteaux du Layon?
	A sweet desert wine
	A dry apéritif
	An excellent claret
	A liqueur
110	Where do wines from Sancerre come from?
	The Loire
	Pfalz
	Wachau
	Alsace
111	What is ullage?
	Where a wine is corked
	Where the wine's level is low (Ullage is a term used to describe the loss of wine in a bottle.)
	Where the wine is a funny colour
	Where the wine smell off
112	Central Otago in New Zealand has become known for world-class wines from which grape variety?
	Pinot Noir
	Chardonnay
	Sauvignon Blanc.
	Zinfandel
113	Where is the Hunter Valley?
	Australia
	New Zealand
	Italy
	Mexico
114	Where does Vin de Constance come from?
	South Africa				The historically important, if tiny,  wine district of Constantia lies in Cape Town’s southern wards and on the most southerly point of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope.
	Chile
	Paraguay				Constantia is most famous for its ancient dessert wine Vin de Constance (made from Muscat de Frontignan)  as produced by Klein Constantia estate.
	Peru
					The cooling south-easterly sea breezes make Constantia a natural site for Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon as well as Muscat.
					The vineyards were prepared with scrupulous care and grapes allowed to ripen on the vines until they were almost like raisins and sweet as honey. Then came the meticulous preparation of vats and slow maturation before the wine was send by sailing ship to Europe and England. Taking a brave decision they did not shelter behind accepted names like Sauternes or Madeira, but kept the name Constantia - plain and simple. Cloete was blessed with nine sons, six of
115	Which of the following red wines should be chilled?
	Bordeaux
	Beaujolais
	Rioja
	Australian Shiraz
116	Tempranillo is the main grape in which wine?
	Red Rioja
	Port
	Sauternes
	Hock
117	Which is the best year for White Burgundy from the following?
	1991
	1995
	1996 .	It is unusual for a vintage in Burgundy to be great for both reds and whites, but 1996 is such a year. The weather during the summer was fairly unremarkable but the vintage was made by a very fine, sunny September, with warm days and cool nights, which ripened and concentrated the fruit, while preserving the acidities. Consequently the 1996 White Burgundies offer purity, clarity, highly concentrated ripe fruit and lively yet well-integrated acidity.
	1992
		It was a very large vintage and the temptation for some growers was to overcrop - consequently this is a vintage to stick with the best growers, who are traditionally quality, rather than quantity, orientated. The best wines have richness and intensity, with the structure and acidity levels that will ensure longevity.
118	What does the word Rosso stand for on a label of Italian wine?
	Red
	Rosé
	Sweet
	Blend of red and white
119	The white grape Furmint blended with Harslevelu, and sometimes Muscat, produces which famous sweet wine?
	Coteaux du Layon
	Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
	Barsac
	Tokaji Aszu
120	What type of wine is Claret?
	Red wine from Bordeaux			Claret is the traditional term the English use for red Bordeaux wines.							Clairet is a wine that is dark pink in style, and may be described as a full bodied and deep coloured type of rosé.
	Wine made from Cabernet Sauvignon
	Red wine from Burgundy
	Wine made from Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot
121	How many Bordeaux appellations are there?
	11
	16
	57
	91
122	What does Vinho Regional refer to?
	Spanish table wines
	Category for Portuguese wines
	Wines made in Northern Chile
	Wines made from local grapes
123	Where are Soave wines from?
	France
	Italy
	Spain
	Germany
124	What is "vin-de-presse"?
	Wine released from fermented grapes by pressing
	Wine released from fermentation without pressing
	Wine flavoured with lemon
	Wine made for long ageing
	The lowest official category of French wine
125	Malolactic fermentation" refers to which process?
	creating Champagne in individual bottles
	leaving grapes on the vine until they rot
	the creation of "fino" sherry
	clearing wine of all solid matter prior to bottling
	the conversion of harsh acid into softer acid
126	What wine-making action is referred to as "Pumping over"?
	pumping wine across oak chips to add flavour
	pumping from the bottom to the top of the fermentation tank
	when sparkling wine is bottled under pressure
	wine being pumped over gas burners to pasteurize it
127	The Bordeaux name for a traditional small, oak barrel is:
	Berrenque
	Ballique
	Petanque
	Barrique
	Bourgeuil
128	The Maipo valley is a wine area is in which country?
	Chile
	Spain
	Portugal
	South Africa
	New Zealand
129	The Cote de Nuits is famous mostly for its?
	Dry white wines
	Sweet white wines
	Sparkling wines
	Beaujolais wines
	Red wines
130	Which of these wines is the odd one out?
	Chablis
	Meursault
	Pouilly-Fuisse
	Pouilly-Fume
	Montrachet
131	Which wine is made from frozen grapes?
	Glacier wine
	Ice wine
	Cryovin
	Polar Port
	Slush wine
132	Sercial is an important grape in which wine?
	Madeira
	Sherry
	Lambrusco
	Hock
	Malaga
133	What does the term "Vendange Tardive" mean?
	the grapes were harvested later than normal
	the grapes were harvested by hand
	the grapes were trodden by foot
	the vines are very old
	the wine is ideal for long-term cellaring
134	Which of these wines is the odd one out?
	Marsala
	Port
	Banyuls
	Barolo
	Sherry
135	Alta, Alavesa and Baja make up which better known region?
	Chianti
	Ribera del Duero
	Sonoma
	Rioja
	The Maipo Valley
136	What is "Phylloxera"?
	The Noble Rot
	A fungal vine disease
	A substance used to clarify wine
	Another name for mildew
	A vine eating insect
137	The wine Vouvray comes from which region?
	The Loire Valley
	The Rhone Valley
	Entre-Deux-Mers
	Jurancon
	Minervois
138	Sanlucar is important in making which specific wine?
	Manzanilla Sherry
	Vintage Port
	Chateau Yquem
	Fino Sherry
139	What gives the Greek wine Retsina its distinctive flavour?
	Cypress wood
	Cedar wood
	Oak wood
	Pine wood
	Hickory wood
140	Nevers, Troncais and Allier are crucial to which product?
	Oak for barrels
	Yeast for fermentation
	Egg whites for fining
	Grape concentrate
141	What kind of wine is classified as "Vin Doux Naturel"?
	Organic wine
	Wine made from indigenous grapes
	Sweet fortified wine
	Soft wines like Beaujolais Nouveau
	Late-harvest botrytised wine
142	The name of which grape translates to "Little sweet one"?
	Nebbiolo
	Petit Manseng
	Dolcetto
	Corvina
	Primitivo
143	Where do these wine come from: Fleurie, Chiroubles?
	Alsace
	Stellenbosch
	Beaujolais
	Balaton
	Provence
144	Which country produces sparkling wines labelled Cap Classique?
	Austria
	Chile
	Portugal
	South Africa
	New Zealand
145	Montagne de Reims produces grapes for which wine?
	Vintage Port
	Champagne
	Chateau d'Yquem
	Chateau Latour
	Eiswein
146	A taster might say a wine has "RS". What does "RS" stand for?
	Rain Saturation - grapes were diluted by rain at harvest
	Rapid Spoilage - wine has gone "off" after bottling
	Residual Sugar - wine has sweetness due to sugar remaining
	Real Structure - wine with great balance
	Remuage Sportif - over-manipulated wine (French term)
147	What is "Steen"?
	A Loire wine
	A soil rich in volcanic ash
	An alternative name for Chenin Blanc
	A traditional German wine goblet
148	The Viognier grape is sometimes used in what famous red wine?
	Hermitage
	Rioja
	Cote-Rotie
	Chateauneuf-du-Pape
	Chianti
149	A French wine described as 'Moelleux' is what?
	Sparkling
	Fortified
	Slightly sparkling
	Sweet
	Oxidised
150	What gives Recioto wines their unusual character?
	They are made from botrytis affected grapes
	They are fermented in chestnut-wood casks
	They are made from grapes which have been air-dried
	They are fortified with Grappa
	They spend over 20 years in barrel before release
151	Paarl is a region in which wine producing country?
	New Zealand
	Holland
	Canada
	South Africa
	Australia
152	Which of these grapes has a distinctive pink coloured skin?
	Gewurztraminer
	Pinot Rose
	Cinsault
	Perdrix
153	What is Cava?
	The French term for a wine cellar
	The grape used for Spanish sparkling wine
	A word meaning a blend of different grapes
	Sparkling wines made in Spain
	The cellar-master of Burgundy domaine
154	Traditionally what wine is mixed with cassis to make a Kir?
	Muscadet
	Colombard
	Aligote
	Pinot Blanc
155	By law, what percentage of "Alsace Riesling" must be Riesling?
	90 percent
	75 percent
	100 percent
	51 percent
156	List these Champagne styles in order, dryest to sweetest:
	Brut - Extra-Sec - Demi-Sec - Doux
	Extra-Sec - Demi-Sec - Brut - Doux
	Doux - Demi-Sec - Extra-Sec - Brut
	Doux - Brut - Demi-Sec - Extra-Sec
	Demi-Sec - Extra-Sec - Brut - Doux
157	Cremant describes which style of wine?
	Sweet
	Sparkling
	Fortified
	Late harvest
	Low alcohol
158	What important job does a Tonnelier do?
	Makes corks for wine bottles
	Prunes vines
	Blends wine
	Makes wine barrels.
159	Red Sancerre is made from which grape?
	Cabernet Franc
	Palomino
	Pinot Noir
	Merlot
160	Which is an ancient grape of Bordeaux?
	Hungarian Furmint
	Australian Verdelho
	Argentinean Torrontes
	Chilean Carmenere
	South African Pinotage
161	Which process converts harsh acids to softer acids?
	Racking
	Acidification
	Malolactic Fermentation
	Fining
	Soft Sulphuring
162	What grapes are used in Brown Brothers "Orange Muscat and Flora"?
	3 grapes: Orange, Muscat and Flora
	4 grapes: Semillon, Chardonnay, Muscat and Riesling
	1 grape: Muscat
	2 grapes: Orange Muscat and Flora				Orange Muscat and Flora is a blend unique to Brown Brothers. Orange Muscat forms the backbone of the blend, providing aromas of orange blossom to the nose and a fresh citrus hint to the palate, while the Flora contributes colour, texture and mouth-feel.
	No, grapes: it's made from oranges
163	Which term describes part of the Champagne-making process?
	Krugification
	Disgorgement
	Bubblification
	declasse
	Popification
164	Where is the wine region of Trentino?
	Italy
	Argentina
	Spain
	Austria
165	Who or what is Lambrusco?
	A place in Italy
	A grape variety
	A brand name
	An Italian word for semi-sparkling
166	Walker Bay and Robertson are regions in which country?
	South Africa
	USA
	Germany
	Australia
	Austria
167	What does the French term battonage refer to?
	trimming surplus bunches from the vine
	managing the 'canopy' of leaves on the vine
	adding yeast to bottles of Champagne
	stirring wine as it lies in barrel
	clarifying a wine using egg whites
168	Which one is NOT a Sangiovese-based wine?
	Morellino di Scansano
	Vino Nobile di Moltepulciano
	Montepulciano d'Abruzzo
	Chianti Classico
	Brunello
167	What links Otago, Oregon and the Cote d'Or?
	They are the three hills of Hermitage
	They are famous for sparkling wine
	They are grades of wine barrels
	They are famous for Pinot Noir
	They are the wines mentioned in the bible
168	How is the difference between "aroma" and "bouquet" usually defined?
	aroma=young wine; bouquet=older wine
	aroma=white wine; bouquet=red wine
	aroma is smell; bouquet is taste
	aroma=red wine; bouquet=white wine
	there is no distiction
169	Saumur is a wine from where?
	The Loire
	The Rhone
	The Mosel
	The Douro
	The Languedoc
170	What types of wine is Vinho Verde?
	A white wine
	A red wine
	Can be white or red
	A sweet wine
	A green wine
171	Morgon and St Amour are what?
	Burgundy Grands Crus
	Bordeaux First Growths
	Ribera del Duero Reservas
	Beaujolais Cru Villages
	Cotes du Rhone Villages
172	The black cockerel represents which wine region?
	Chianti
	Barolo
	Rioja
	Chablis
	Napa Valley
173	Which country is known for sweet wines made from the Vidal grape?
	Hungary
	Brazil
	Germany
	Austria
	Canada
174	What do the Reuilly and Sancerre regions have in common?
	Wine production in both is controlled by monks
	Both make white wines from Pinot Blanc
	Both are below sea-level
	Both make red wines from Pinot Noir
175	Which country's legislation covers Corsican wines?
	Italy
	France
	Corsica
	Algeria
	Spain
176	Tinta Negra Mole grapes make which wine?
	Port
	Alentejo
	Madeira
	Vinho Verde
	Malaga
177	The Wachau region is in:
	Germany
	Austria
	Hungary
	Switzerland
178	A synonim for the grape Nebbiolo is:
	Barbera
	Dolcetto
	Barolo
	Spanna
179	Which has typically only around 5% alcohol?
	Mosel Riesling
	Portugeuse Vinho Verde
	Italian Moscato d'Asti
	Califonian Zinfandel
180	The Canteiro method produces which type of wine:
	Port
	Champagne
	Madeira
	Sherry
181	Vinsobres is what?
	a Burgundy Grand Cru
	a Burgundy Premier Cru
	a Beaujolais Village
	a Cru Bourgeois
	a Cotes du Rhone Village
182	The grapes of Sauternes are Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc and...
	Muscat
	Riesling
	Chardonnay
	Muscadelle
183	What is Savagnin?
	the grape that makes Vin Jaune
	a region in the Loire Valley
	a sweet wine made from Chenin Blanc
	a synonym for Sauvignon Blanc
	A fortified wine from the south of France
184	what is significant about the number 225
	the average berries on a bunch of grapes
	the average bunches of grapes on a vine
	the number of Chateaux in Bordeaux
	The cost of Jacob's Creek in Harrods
	the number of litres in a Bordeaux barrel
185	Who or what is Cima Corgo?
	The most rare wine of Chianti
	A boat used to ship Port
	The original vine from which all others developed
	president of the Hospice de Beaune
	A district within the Douro Valley
186	Teroldego is a grape from which Italian province?
	Tuscany
	Trentino
	Piedmont
	Umbria
	Campania
187	What is umami?
	a wine from Sicily
	another name for the Mourv�dre grape
	the fifth taste along with sweet, sour, salty and bitter
	an African tribe thought to have first invented wine
	the process of drying grapes on mats
188	The grape Toro is also known as:
	Tannat
	Tempranillo
	Touriga
	Trebbiano
	Traminer
189	Which is NOT a renowned Riesling growing area?
	Hunter Valley
	Clare Valley
	Mosel Valley
	Eden Valley
	Alsace
190	What does 'Cosecha' mean on a Spanish wine label
	single vineyard
	estate bottled
	certified
	year of vintage
	aged in oak
191	The blend is Macabeo, Parellada and Xarello. What's the wine?
	Madeira
	Sherry
	Cava
	Port
	Tokaji
192	The world's most southerly vineyard region is:
	Bio Bio, Chile
	Walker Bay, South Africa
	Tasmania, Australia
	Central Otago, New Zealand
	Salta, Argentina
193	Who is The Wine Advocate?
	Paul Masson
	Perry Mason
	Robert Parker
	Rumpole
	Sherlock Holmes
194	Which is a principal grape in the production of Armagnac?
	Colombard			Folle Blanche which is a low yielding variety, prone to mildew and rot and today comprises less than 3% of total vineyard plantings.
	Pinot Auxerrois
	Ugni Blanc			Ugni Blanc that has largely replaced Folle Blanche and now is over 75% of plantings, comprising about 55% of the grapes used in Armagnac production.
	Chenin Blanc
	Folle Blanche			Colombard which is not especially favoured for production of Armagnac and only 10% of production is distilled for Armagnac.
				Bacco 22a, a hybrid, that is being phased out and while it represents 40% of the vines planted in the region, but only 10% is distilled.
195	The main grape of red wines from Priorato is:
	Syrah
	Tempranillo
	Monastrell
	Palombina
	Garnacha
196	What does a French winemaker achieve with Remontage?= pump over.
	Stirring of the lees to enrich the wine
	Clearing the sediment from individual Champagne bottles
	Breaking the floating cap of skins in a fermentation tank.
	Removing excess bunches of grapes during the growing season
	Removing tartaric acid from a wine
197	Which mountains protect the Alsace vineyards from rain?
	Haardt Mountains
	The Alps
	The Troncais Mountains
	The Schwir Mountains
	The Vosges Mountains
198	The base wine for Champagne is called what?
	Vin Clair.
	Vin Jeune
	Vin Placid
	Vin Vert
	Vin Ennui
199	Limari and Elqui are wine regions in which country?
	Italy
	Spain
	Portugal
	Argentina
	Chile
200	Arbane and Petit Meslier are minor grapes varieties for which wine?
	Chateauneuf du Pape
	Champagne
	Chianti
	Madiran
	Rioja
201	Which rosé wine can legally be made by mixing red and white wines?
	rosé Champagne
	Provence rosé
	Bordeaux rosé
	Loire rosé
	Burgundy rosé
202	Vin Santo wine is:				Vin Santo is made in many parts of Italy, but the best of these come from Tuscany. There are three recognized DOC’s in Tuscany for Vin Santo. They are Vin Santo del Chianti (created in 1997), Vin Santo del Chianti Classico (1995) and Vin Santo di Montepulciano (1996). The wine is made from a blend of white grapes, specifically Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia, with the occasional use of Grechetto. There is also a red version of Vin Santo made called Occhio di Pernice (literally “eye of the partridge”) that is made with a minimum of 50% Sangiovese.
	a sweet, fortified wine
	a gently sparkling Italian wine
	a wine made from dried grapes.
	a wine made from Botrytised grapes
203	The Sauvignon Blanc wine 'Sauvignon St Bris' comes from which famous French wine region?
	Burgundy			This white wine made next door to Auxerre from the Sauvignon grape is often the colour of pale straw or light gold. Aromas are of citrus fruits (grapefruit, mandarin orange), peach, and crushed blackcurrant leaves with sometimes exotic scents (lychee). This complexity introduces a fruit which is full, flowery and tender, with a hint of salt and spice in the finish. Jammy and preserved-fruit aromas will appear as the wine ages. This is a wine that can be either enjoyed young or after having aged a few years.
	Alsace			The approximately 100 hectares(250 acres) of vineyard in the appellation are situated in the communes Chitry, Irancy, Quenne, Saint-Bris-le-Vineux and Vincelottes
	Bordeaux
	The Loire Valley			This white wine made next door to Auxerre from the Sauvignon grape is often the colour of pale straw or light gold. Aromas are of citrus fruits (grapefruit, mandarin orange), peach, and crushed blackcurrant leaves with sometimes exotic scents (lychee). This complexity introduces a fruit which is full, flowery and tender, with a hint of salt and spice in the finish. Jammy and preserved-fruit aromas will appear as the wine ages. This is a wine that can be either enjoyed young or after having aged a few years.
204	One of Puglia's most common grapes is:
	Sangiovese
	Nebbiolo
	Dolcetto
	Corvina
	Negroamaro
205	Dundee is a prime wine growing region in:
	Victoria, Australia
	Oregon, USA.
	Ontario, Canada
	Central Otago, New Zealand
	Constantia, South Africa
206	Jumilla is a wine region in which country?
	Australia
	Chile
	Argentina
	Spain
	Portugal
207	Who produces the famous 'Hill of Grace'?
	Penfold's
	Henschke
	Howard Park
	Mount Mary
	Wolf Blass
208	What is 'liqueur d'expedition'?( dosage)					<.> liqueur de tirage( second fermentation)
	a mix of wine and sugar used to sweeten Champagne
	Another name for Rum, given to sailors on long voyages
	A mix of yeast and wine added to Champagne
	the spirit added to wines like Port, Madeira and Banyuls
	The name for the still wine that is the base for Champagne
209	Which of these grape varieties has red flesh and juice?						Alicante Bouschet
	Tempranillo						Alicante Ganzi
	Nebbiolo						Dunkelfelder
	Negroamaro						Gamay de Bouze
	Alicante Bouschet						Grand Noir de la Calmette
	Tannat						Morrastel Bouschet
							Petit Bouschet
							Royalty
							Rubired
							Salvador
							Saperavi
210	What spirit is distilled from the left over grape skins, stems and seeds after winemaking?
	Brandy
	Armagnac
	Grappa
	Calvados
	Slivovitz
211	Txakoli is a wine from where?				The main grapes of Txakoli are the Hondarrabi Zuri for white wines, accounting for the vast majority of plantings, and Hondarrabi Beltza for red. Several other varieties are grown in much smaller quantities, including Izkiriota Ttipia (Petit Manseng) and Izkiriota (Gros Manseng) - both common grapes of Irouléguy, just on the other side of the Pyrenees.
	Spain
	Greece
	Cyprus
	Romania
212	And what is 'Glera'?
	A substance used to clarify wine
	A wine region in northern Spain
	A Slovenian grape-based spirit
	The grape formerly known as Prosecco
	A mountain range that protects the vineyards of Rioja
213	Which two are often blended together?
	Shiraz and Viognier
	Merlot and Chardonnay
	Semillon and Pinot Noir
	Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc
	Godello and Grenache
214	Lodi is a wine region. But where is it?
	Chile
	New York State
	Uruguay
	California
	Argentina
215	Who or what is Zalto?
	The Greek god of wine
	A grape variety used in Tokaji wines
	A Slovenian grape-based spirit
	A brand of specialist wine glass
	A device for 'aerating' wine as it pours
216	I'm a blend of Tempranillo, Garnacha  and Graciano, Mazuelo(Carignan). What am I?
	Barolo
	Rioja.
	Sherry
	Ribera del Duero		( red tinto fino(Tempranillo) white is  Albillo
	Toro
	Rueda		The main authorised white varieties are: Verdejo, Viura, Sauvignon blanc, while the authorised red varieties are Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Garnacha.
217	In France, Appellation Controllee has become:
	DOG (Designation d'Origine Geographique)
	IGP (Indication Geographique)
	APE (Appellation Protegee Exclusif)
	AOP (Appellation d'Origine Protegee)
	RAT (Ratification d'Appellation Total)
218	What is "Coulure"?(shatter)
	A wine region in the Roussillon
	A grand Cru of Alsace
	A rosé wine made by blending red wine
	A cocktail of Cremant d'Alsace and Cassis
	A viticultural problem where grapes fail to develop.					Coulure (pronounced coo-LYUR) is a potential viticultural hazard that is the result of metabolic reactions to weather conditions that causes a failure of grapes to develop after flowering.
219	The Italian sparkling wine Franciacorta can be made from Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and...
	Pinot Meunier
	Macabeo
	Arbane
	Pinot Blanc( Pinot Bianco)
	Riesling
220	Negrette is the main grape of which French wine appellation?
	Cahors
	South west of France
	Fronton
	Marcillac
	Saint-Mont